前言

該項目核心需求：

實現簡單登錄

管理員端實現下列功能

①查找書籍
②增加書籍
③刪除書籍
④展示全部書籍
⑤退出系統

通用戶實現下列功能

①查詢書籍
②借閱書籍
③歸還書籍
④退出系統

項目類的設計展示

分享一個圖書館管理系統實戰項目，建議做java開發的都看看

圖書相關的類

Book：定義書籍的信息 BookList：表示書庫，里面存放書籍

package book;/** * Created with IntelliJ IDEA * Details about unstoppable_t: * User: Administrator * Date: 2021 -01-19 * Time: 16:54 */public class Book { //定義成員變量 private String name; private String author; private int price; private String type; private boolean isBorrowed = false; //表示書的借閱狀態 public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) { this.name = name; this.author = author; this.price = price; this.type = type;// this.isBorrowed = isBorrowed; } public String getName() { return name; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public int getPrice() { return price; } public String getType() { return type; } public boolean isBorrowed() { return isBorrowed; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } public void setPrice(int price) { this.price = price; } public void setType(String type) { this.type = type; } public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) { isBorrowed = borrowed; }// @Override// public String toString() {// return "Book{" // "name='" name ''' // ", author='" author ''' // ", price=" price // ", type='" type ''' // ", isBorrowed=" isBorrowed // '}';// } @Override public String toString() { return "Book{" "name='" name ''' ", author='" author ''' ", price=" price ", type='" type ''' ((isBorrowed == true) ? " 借閱狀態: 已借出" : " 借閱狀態: 未借出") '}'; }}

package book;/** * Created with IntelliJ IDEA * Details about unstoppable_t: * User: Administrator * Date: 2021 -01-19 * Time: 16:54 */public class BookList { public int usedSize = 3; //書架 public Book[] books = new Book[10]; //書的類型為Book，用順數組book去存儲 public BookList() { books[0] = new Book("三國演義","羅貫中", 100, "小說"); books[1] = new Book("水滸傳", "施耐庵", 100, "小說"); books[2] = new Book("西游記", "吳承恩", 100, "小說"); } //給指定位置放書 public void setBooks(int pos,Book book) { this.books[pos] = book; } //拿到指定位置的書 public Book getBooks(int pos){ return this.books[pos]; } public int getUsedSize() { return usedSize; } public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) { this.usedSize = usedSize; }}

對書庫（順序表）操作的類

//新增public class AddOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList booklist) { System.out.println("添加書籍"); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("請輸入書名"); String name = sc.nextLine(); System.out.println("請輸入書的作者"); String author = sc.nextLine(); System.out.println("請輸入書的價格"); int price = sc.nextInt(); System.out.println("請輸入書的類型"); String type = sc.next(); Book newBook = new Book(name,author,price,type); //構建新書（對象） int size = booklist.getUsedSize(); //通過bookList引用訪問當前順序表長度 booklist.setBooks(size,newBook); //將新書放在順序表最后面 booklist.setUsedSize(size 1); //順序表放了新書之后，長度加1 }}//借閱public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList booklist) { System.out.println("借閱書籍"); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("請輸入書名"); String name = sc.nextLine(); //name為所要借閱書名 for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUsedSize(); i ) { //通過booklist下標遍歷每一本書 Book book = booklist.getBooks(i); if(book.getName().equals(name)){ //如果為true，說明要借閱的書存在，我們需要做的是修改書的借閱狀態 book.setBorrowed(true); //為true表示書已經結出 return ; } } System.out.println("非常抱歉，本館沒有您要借閱的書！"); // }}//刪除public class DelOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList booklist) { System.out.println("刪除書籍"); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("請輸入書名"); String name = sc.nextLine(); //name為所要刪除的書名 int i = 0; for (; i < booklist.getUsedSize(); i ) { Book book = booklist.getBooks(i); if(book.getName().equals(name)){ break; } } if(i >= booklist.getUsedSize()){ System.out.println("沒有要刪除的這本書！"); return ; } //此時i為所要刪除書的下標 for (int j = i; j < booklist.getUsedSize()-1; j ) { Book book = booklist.getBooks(j 1); //獲得j 1位置的書 booklist.setBooks(j,book); //將j 1位置的書給j位置 } int size = booklist.getUsedSize(); //獲得順序表長度 booklist.setUsedSize(size-1); //刪除書后，長度減去1 System.out.println("書已被刪除！"); }}//展示public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList booklist) { System.out.println("展示書籍"); for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUsedSize(); i ) { Book book = booklist.getBooks(i); System.out.println(book); } }}//查找public class FindOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList booklist) { System.out.println("查找書籍"); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("請輸入書名"); String name = sc.nextLine(); //name為所要查找書名 for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUsedSize(); i ) { //通過booklist下標遍歷每一本書 Book book = booklist.getBooks(i); if(book.getName().equals(name)){ System.out.println("該書存在！"); System.out.println(book); //直接打印書的信息，toString方法已被重寫 return ; } } System.out.println("沒有這本書！"); }}//歸還public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList booklist) { System.out.println("歸還書籍"); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("請輸入書名"); String name = sc.nextLine(); //name為所要歸還的書名 for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUsedSize(); i ) { Book book = booklist.getBooks(i); if(book.getName().equals(name)){ book.setBorrowed(false); System.out.println(book); //直接打印書的信息，toString方法已被重寫 return ; } } System.out.println("沒有你要歸還的這本書！"); }}//退出public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList booklist) { System.out.println("退出系統"); System.exit(1); //表示退出系統 }}//總接口public interface IOperation { void work(BookList booklist);}

用戶相關類

用戶類

package user;import book.BookList;import operation.IOperation;/** * Created with IntelliJ IDEA * Details about unstoppable_t: * User: Administrator * Date: 2021 -01-19 * Time: 16:55 */abstract public class User { public String name; public IOperation[] operations; public User(String name){ this.name = name; } /* 新建menu方法，理解為用戶菜單因為SpecialPerson和OrdinaryPerson繼承了User，所以讓兩個子類重寫menu方法，二者的菜單展示不一致此時menu可以沒有具體實現，因而將它設計為抽象方法，因此User類成為抽象類 */ abstract public int menu(); //operations中存放的是哪些操作方法，得看子類 public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList){ this.operations[choice].work(bookList); }}

管理員

package user;import operation.*;import java.util.Scanner;/** * Created with IntelliJ IDEA * Details about unstoppable_t: * User: Administrator * Date: 2021 -01-19 * Time: 16:56 * 管理員 */public class SpecialPerson extends User{ //構造方法 public SpecialPerson(String name){ super(name); this.operations = new IOperation[]{ new ExitOperation(), //0退出系統 new FindOperation(), new AddOperation(), new DelOperation(), new DisplayOperation() }; } /* 重寫父類User的menu方法 menu作用：返回你要執行的操作 */ @Override public int menu() { System.out.println("管理員菜單！"); System.out.println("================================="); System.out.println("hello " this.name " 熱誠歡迎使用本校圖書館管理系統！"); System.out.println("1.查找圖書"); System.out.println("2.新增圖書"); System.out.println("3.刪除圖書"); System.out.println("4.顯示所有圖書"); System.out.println("0.退出系統"); System.out.println("================================"); System.out.println("請按照提示選擇相應操作: "); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); int choice = sc.nextInt(); return choice; }}

普通用戶

package user;import operation.*;import java.util.Scanner;/** * Created with IntelliJ IDEA * Details about unstoppable_t: * User: Administrator * Date: 2021 -01-19 * Time: 16:57 * 普通用戶 */public class OrdinaryPerson extends User{ //構造方法 public OrdinaryPerson(String name){ super(name); this.operations = new IOperation[]{ new ExitOperation(), //0退出系統 new FindOperation(), new BorrowOperation(), new ReturnOperation() }; } //重寫父類User的menu方法 @Override public int menu() { System.out.println("普通用戶菜單！"); System.out.println("================================="); System.out.println("hello" this.name "熱誠歡迎使用本校圖書館管理系統！"); System.out.println("1.查找圖書"); System.out.println("2.借閱圖書"); System.out.println("3.歸還圖書"); System.out.println("0.退出系統"); System.out.println("================================"); System.out.println("請按照提示選擇相應操作: "); Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); int choice = sc.nextInt(); return choice; }}

主函數程序

import book.BookList;import user.OrdinaryPerson;import user.SpecialPerson;import user.User;import java.util.Scanner;/** * Created with IntelliJ IDEA * Details about unstoppable_t: * User: Administrator * Date: 2021 -01-19 * Time: 16:30 */public class TrqTest { //login（登錄）方法返回用戶實例，類型為User public static User login(){ Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("請輸入你的姓名: "); String name = sc.nextLine(); System.out.println("請輸入你的身份> 1:管理員 0:普通用戶"); int number = sc.nextInt(); if(number == 1){ return new SpecialPerson(name); }else{ return new OrdinaryPerson(name); } } public static void main(String[] args) { BookList bookList = new BookList(); //登錄 User user = login(); // 父類引用指向子類實例（向上轉型） while(true) { //user.menu() 調用哪個menu方法，根據登錄身份決定 int choice = user.menu(); //此doOperation方法是當前user自己的方法 //choice選擇當前用戶operations數組中的相應的類，該類產生的對象調用自己的work方法 user.doOperation(choice, bookList); } }}

運行一下看看具體怎么樣吧

分享一個圖書館管理系統實戰項目，建議做java開發的都看看